The methods and devices with the use of various thread-like, foil and gas internal targets for operative control of space-time characteristics of the circulating particle beam are described. The examples of proposed and developed profilometers based on the beam diagnostics by means of scanning with the probes as the precesium flow of charged and neutral particles are presented. The analysis of feasibilities, advantages and disadvantages of the above-mentioned methods is presented. The examples of elementary interactions, which offer an advantage of the high analyzing ability on the nuclear beam polarization, are described. The set of proposed and developed on this basis polarimeters of the circulating nuclei in synchrotrons is considered.

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