Theoretical approaches to investigation of relativistic effects in the processes of high energy lepton and hadron scattering off few-nucleon systems are considered. The Bethe-Salpeter formalism for description of interacting two-nucleon systems both in bound and scattered states is presented in detail. In particular, special attention is paid to the partial expansions and unitary transformations, connecting different sets of partial amplitudes. Different methods of numerical solving the Bethe-Salpeter equations are considered. Calculations of the relativistic corrections and final state interaction effects are presented for numerous processes on deuteron-like backward pD-scattering and different types of proton-deuteron breakup with formation of correlated pair in final state.

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