An analysis has been made of experimental data on level spectra, single-nucleon transfer reactions near closed shells, and data on polarization effects in charge-exchange (p,n) reactions between isoanalogous states of nuclei with even A. The analysis makes it possible to conclude that there is a significant difference between the spin-orbit splittings of neutrons and protons in identical orbitals. This conclusion is confirmed in the framework of different theoretical approaches.

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